The relationship between hardness and load-bearing capacity: The higher the hardness, the stronger the ability of the gasket to resist compression deformation. For example, steel hard washers can effectively disperse pressure in high-strength bolt connections and avoid being crushed due to excessive bolt tightening force; On the contrary, low hardness gaskets (such as rubber and plastic) are suitable for low load scenarios, but if used in high-pressure environments, they are prone to plastic deformation and lose their protective function.
Wear resistance and adaptability to working conditions: High hardness metal washers (such as quenched steel) are more durable under frequent vibration and friction conditions, and are less likely to lose thickness or fail due to surface wear. They are suitable for harsh environments such as automotive engines; Low hardness non-metallic gaskets have poor wear resistance and are often used in static or low friction scenarios (such as water pipe sealing).
The balance between hardness and material selection: The higher the hardness, the better. Excessive hardness may lead to increased brittleness of the gasket, making it prone to fracture under impact loads (such as stainless steel gaskets with excessive hardness); If it is too low, it is prone to deformation. In practical applications, the appropriate hardness should be selected based on the load type (static/dynamic), ambient temperature, contact material, etc. For example, medium hardness steel gaskets are commonly used for steel structure connections, balancing strength and toughness.
